Red Seal 409A

Roofer

Build and maintain protective roof systems on residential, commercial, and industrial buildings across Canada.

2
Year Apprenticeship
$32–$50
Journeyperson Hourly Wage
Good
Job Outlook (Aging Infrastructure)

Is This Right For You?

✓ Good Fit If You...

Are comfortable working at heights and have excellent balance
Have a meticulous approach to safety and following protocols
Enjoy understanding water management and building envelope principles
Can work in extreme weather conditions (heat, cold, wind, rain)

⚠ Watch Out If...

⚠️
You have fear of heights or vertigo (this is non-negotiable in roofing)
⚠️
You struggle with physical strain or back/joint problems
⚠️
You're uncomfortable working in unpredictable weather exposure

⚠️ Dark Reality Check

Roofing is high-risk, high-skill work. You're always exposed to fall hazards, extreme temperatures, and weather. Your joints will take a beating from repetitive work. But the reality? Buildings leak. Roofs fail. Your skill keeps homes and businesses dry and safe. That responsibility is real, and the compensation reflects it. Only commit if you're willing to master safety protocols obsessively.

A Day in the Life

Early Start: Inspection & Prep

6:30 AM: You arrive at a residential replacement job. The old asphalt shingle roof is being stripped. You inspect the roof deck for rot or structural damage.

7:00–9:30 AM: You install underlayment (synthetic or felt) to provide secondary water protection. Proper overlap and fastening are critical. One mistake = future leaks.

10:00 AM: Roof is ready for shingles. You organize materials and safety anchors at the perimeter.

Afternoon: Shingling & Finishing

1:00 PM: You nail architectural asphalt shingles starting at the eave, working upward in precise rows. Each shingle must be aligned and fastened to code specifications (typically 4–6 nails per shingle).

3:00–5:00 PM: You install flashing around chimney, vents, and skylights. These transitions are where most leaks occur—they demand perfection.

5:30 PM: Job complete. Final walkthrough with the homeowner. You clean all debris from gutters.

Morning: Flat Roof Systems

5:30 AM: You're at a 100,000 sq ft commercial building with a failing flat roof. This is a torch-applied modified bitumen system.

6:00–10:00 AM: You and your crew strip the old membrane and inspect the deck. You apply primer and begin heat-welding the new modified bitumen rolls. Each pass overlaps 4–6 inches. Temperature control is critical—too hot = material burns; too cold = poor adhesion.

10:30 AM: You install flashing around HVAC units and penetrations. Detail work takes time.

Afternoon: Quality & Testing

1:00 PM: Roof sections are inspected by quality control. You perform holiday (moisture) testing to verify no water intrusion. Any weak areas get immediate repair.

2:30–5:00 PM: You seal all seams and apply protective coating. Commercial flat roofs are complex systems—any corner cut leads to costly failures.

Evening: You document the project with photos and warranty paperwork. Commercial roofing = extensive documentation.

Morning: High-Performance Systems

6:00 AM: You're at an industrial facility (warehouse, factory) with a large-area TPO (thermoplastic) single-ply membrane system. The project covers 200,000+ sq ft.

6:30–10:00 AM: Your crew unrolls TPO membrane and heat-welds seams. TPO is faster than modified bitumen but demands precise heat application. Too much heat = material shrinkage; too little = weak seams.

10:30 AM: You mechanically fasten large-radius flashing and ballast the perimeter for wind resistance.

Afternoon: Systems Integration

1:00 PM: You coordinate with HVAC crews to integrate ductwork and equipment penetrations. Industrial roofs must be watertight AND support heavy equipment loads.

2:30–5:00 PM: You complete seam tracking and final pressure testing. Industrial work = zero tolerance for defects. A single failed seam can leak water directly into manufacturing equipment.

Evening: You prepare documentation for engineering sign-off. Industrial roofs require third-party inspection and certification.

Specializations

Built-Up Roofing (BUR)

Layers of bitumen and aggregate. Traditional, durable, but heavy. Requires torch application and crew experience.

$34–$52/hr

Single-Ply Membrane (TPO/EPDM)

Modern, lightweight membranes. Fast installation, energy-efficient. Requires heat-welding or adhesive bonding expertise.

$36–$54/hr

Modified Bitumen

Modern torch-applied or adhesive systems. Flexible, good wind resistance. Requires torch safety certification.

$36–$54/hr

Steep Slope / Shingles

Residential asphalt shingles, architectural grades, metal roofing. Highest volume work, good pay premium for quality.

$34–$50/hr

Green Roofs

Living roofs with vegetation and drainage systems. Emerging field, environmental focus, premium rates.

$40–$62/hr

Metal Roofing

Standing seam metal, corrugated, specialty alloys. Aesthetic and performance-driven. High-end residential and industrial.

$38–$58/hr

Career Timeline

Pre-Apprenticeship

High school diploma. Physical fitness is essential. Some climbing/height experience helps.

Year 1

Learn safety protocols, shingle basics, fall protection. ~6 weeks classroom + 46 weeks on-site. Wage increases 10%.

Year 2

Torch-applied systems, flashing installation, flat roofing systems. Final exam for journeyperson status.

Journeyperson

Fully certified. Lead crews, bid projects, specialize in high-performance systems.

Red Seal

Interprovincial certification. Work anywhere in Canada. Start your own roofing company.

Key Certifications & Requirements

🔴 Required

Fall Protection / Working at Heights

CRITICAL for roofing. Every project requires this certification. Non-negotiable safety requirement.

🔴 Required

WHMIS 2015

Hazard communication for bitumen fumes and adhesives. Mandatory before handling roofing materials.

🟡 Recommended

Torch Safety Certification

Essential for modified bitumen and BUR work. High-demand specialization. Increases pay significantly.

🟡 Recommended

First Aid & CPR

Critical for remote or high-access jobs where emergency response is delayed. Valued by employers.

🟡 Recommended

Scaffold Safety

For accessing high surfaces. Often required for commercial and industrial roofing projects.

🟡 Recommended

Confined Space Awareness

For industrial roofing work around equipment and ventilation systems. Niche but premium skillset.

Academic Preparation

Roofing Materials & Systems

Asphalt Shingles BUR Systems Single-Ply Membranes Metal Roofing

Drainage & Flashing

Water Flow Principles Chimney Flashing Vent Flashing Edge Details

Insulation & Vapour Barriers

R-Value Concepts Vapour Barriers Condensation Control Energy Code

Roof Decking & Substrates

Wood Decking Metal Decking Concrete Decks Slope Preparation

Tools & Equipment

Roofing Nailers Torch Equipment Heat Welders Measuring Tools

Safety & Fall Protection

Harness Systems Anchor Points Fall Zones Rescue Protocols

Practice Exam

1. What is the recommended nail fastening pattern for asphalt shingles?

2. What is the primary purpose of underlayment on a roof?

3. At what angle should roof shingles be nailed to prevent splitting?

4. What is the recommended overlap for roof underlayment?

5. Which hazard is most critical when working on a steep-slope roof?

1. What is the correct lap distance for torch-applied modified bitumen rolls?

2. What is TPO in roofing systems?

3. What is 'holiday testing' on a flat roof?

4. What is the primary function of flashing around a roof penetration?

5. How should torch-applied membranes be stored before installation?

1. What is the critical difference between BUR and modified bitumen roofing systems?

2. What is 'wind resistance' and how is it achieved in flat roofing?

3. What is 'vapor transmission' and why is it important in roof design?

4. What certifications are required to perform torch-applied roofing work safely?

5. In green roof systems, what is the primary difference from conventional roofs?

📖 Study Guide for This Trade →

Ready to Become a Roofer?

Wages & Apprenticeship

What You'll Earn & How Long It Takes

Average Canadian rates based on Government of Canada Job Bank and provincial labour data. Wages vary significantly by province, employer, and experience.

Journeyperson Wage
$24–$40/hr
Certified journeyperson
Apprentice Wage
$14–$22/hr
Earning while you learn
OJT Hours Required
3,600–5,400 hrs
On-the-job training
Program Length
2–3 years
Typical apprenticeship

Source: Government of Canada Job Bank, provincial apprenticeship authorities. Wages reflect approximate 2024–2025 data and vary by province, union/non-union status, and experience.